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Emission characteristics (NOx and particulate matter) of a CI engine are influenced by fuel properties, engine operating conditions and the type of engine technology used. The current study is focused on analyzing the effect of fuels (blend of 50% hexadecane with 50% petro-diesel (HD50), hydro-processed renewal diesel (HRD) and petro-diesel) possessing different cetane number and operating parameters of the engine on NOx and particulate matter (PM). The design of experiment (DOE) technique was employed to identify the most dominant parameter among CN, speed and torque that affect NOx emissions significantly. An empirical correlation between NOx emissions and CN, engine speed, torque and in-cylinder peak pressure was developed using Rayleigh’s method. Combustion analysis (in-cylinder pressure, heat release, combustion temperature and mass fraction burn) of the engine fueled with these fuels was also undertaken to corroborate the emission results.