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In order to meet emission norms, modern day diesel engines rely on methods of in cylinder emission reduction and expensive exhaust after treatment devices. Engine manufacturers across the world are finding it hard to maintain balance between customers' demand for better fuel consumption and obeying the stringent legislative emission regulations. Optimum combination of variables such as piston bowl shape, compression ratio, fuel injection and turbo charging systems precisely matched with engine, Exhaust Gas Re-circulation (EGR) rate etc can result in refined combustion leading to better engine out emissions as well as fuel efficiency. Optimization of piston bowl geometry and EGR rate would require a lot of experiments, which involves cost and time. If the numbers of variants of piston bowl shapes or EGR rates are more, so would be the expensive and require more testing time.