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Automotive body structure light-weighting for internal combustion engine vehicles is constrained by simultaneous and increasingly challenging vehicle cost, fuel economy and passenger safety standards. Mass optimization via materials selection in internal combustion engine vehicles, therefore, is ultimately dependent on the normalized cost of mass reduction solutions and the associated implications on passenger safety and vehicle performance metrics. These constraints have resulted in development and implementation of increasingly high specific-strength solutions for metallic components in the body structure and chassis. In contrast, mass optimization in battery electric vehicles is subject to alternative performance metrics to fuel efficiency, although considerations for vehicle safety and cost naturally remain directionally similar.