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This study evaluates the performance of an indirect injection (IDI) diesel engine fueled with cotton seed biodiesel while assessing the engine's multi-fuel capability. Millions of tons of cotton seeds are available in the south of the US every year and approximately 10% of oil contained in the seeds can be extracted and transesterified. An investigation of combustion, emissions, and efficiency was performed using mass ratios of 20-50% cotton seed biodiesel (CS20 and CS50) in ultra-low sulfur diesel #2 (ULSD#2). Each investigation was run at 2400 rpm with loads of 4.2 - 6.3 IMEP and compared to the reference fuel ULDS#2. The ignition delay ranged in a narrow interval of 0.8-0.97ms across the blends and the heat release rate showed comparable values and trends for all fuel blends. The maximum volume averaged cylinder temperature increased by approximately 100K with each increase in 1 bar IMEP load but the maximum remained constants across the blends.

This study investigates the combustion, emissions, and performance of biodiesel produced from poultry fat FAME (fatty acid methyl esters) in an indirect injection (IDI) engine. The poultry fat FAME blends were evaluated against ultra-low sulfur diesel #2 (ULSD#2) at 2600 rpm at 100% engine load. The tested biodiesel blends of poultry fat FAME included B20 to B50 measured by weight percentage in ULSD#2. Before engine testing, the energy content, dynamic viscosity, and thermal properties were measured for all poultry fat blends, 100% poultry fat FAME, and ULSD#2. Once the preliminary data had been obtained, it was determined that a blend of up to 50% poultry fat FAME would be within ASTM6751 requirements. The ignition delay stayed constant at 13 CAD for all blends tested and the gross heat release for ULSD#2 and B50 were 24.4 and 25.0 J/deg respectively.