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Technical Paper

A Simplified CO2 and Fuel Consumption Model for Buses Derived from VECTO Simulations

2021-09-05
2021-24-0075
New heavy-duty vehicles are simulated with the Vehicle Energy Consumption Calculation Tool (VECTO) to certify their fuel consumption and CO2 emissions in the European Union. The vehicle manufacturer runs the simulation tool and requires the vehicle components' characteristics to simulate the vehicle over standardized mission profiles. The detailed component characteristics required to run the tool are not always publicly available. In this work, a simplified model was developed to predict the fuel consumption and CO2 emissions of heavy buses over the VECTO mission profiles. It requires only the basic vehicle properties as input, such as the air drag, tire rolling resistance, mass, drivetrain efficiency and auxiliary power use. The model was derived from detailed VECTO simulations of numerous variants of a diesel high floor bus, a diesel low floor bus and a CNG low floor bus.
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