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Changan has upgraded its 1.6 L naturally aspirated GDI engine to meet future fuel economy and emission regulation base on its previous 1.6 L naturally aspirated GDI engine, the major upgrades include a high compression ratio of 13, 35Mpa direct injection system, cooled external EGR, thermo management module,and extensive measures to reduce friction. With this new engine, the vehicle fuel consumption is reduced by 9%, and meet the China 6b emission standard without GPF.

Gasoline direct injection (GDI) engine technology is now widely used due to its high fuel efficiency and low CO2 emissions. However, particulate emissions pose one challenge to GDI technology, particularly in the presence of fuel injector deposits. In this paper, a 4-cylinder turbocharged GDI engine in the Chinese market was selected and operated at 2000rpm and 3bar BMEP condition for 55 hours to accumulate injector deposits. The engine spark timing, cylinder pressure, combustion duration, brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC), gaseous pollutants which include total hydro carbon (THC), NOx (NO and NO2) and carbon dioxide (CO), and particulate emissions were measured before and after the injector fouling test at eight different operating conditions. Test results indicated that mild injector fouling can result in an effect on engine combustion and emissions despite a small change in injector flow rate and pulse width.