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An experimental study was conducted on in-use and new, Indian two-wheelers to study the effect of gasoline composition (olefins, aromatics and benzene) on exhaust mass emissions. Exhaust emissions of benzene were also measured. The study was conducted on six makes of new and in-use, two-wheelers consisting of popular 2-stroke and 4-stroke, mopeds, scooters and motorcycles. Three test fuels, a high olefin gasoline, a high aromatic gasoline and a Euro-III equivalent gasoline were used for the study. High olefin test gasoline contained 26.5% olefins, 10.3% aromatics and 0.3% benzene. High aromatic test gasoline contained 0.9% olefins, 61.9% aromatics and 1.5% benzene. Euro-III test gasoline contained 15.9% olefins, 37.4% aromatics and 0.9% benzene. Intake system deposit study was also conducted on 4-stroke motorcycles and two-stroke scooters having separate lubrication, using two fuels, i.e. high olefin gasoline and Euro-III gasoline, with and without the use of multi-function additives.