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In 3D simulation of vehicle accidents the vehicles are typically treated as one rigid body. This simplification can be used for vehicle to vehicle collisions as well as in impacts with solid objects. To get a realistic movement of the pedestrian in the impact simulation, the pedestrian has to be modeled as a system of rigid bodies interconnected by joints. This paper describes in detail the extension of the discrete kinetic time forward simulation program PC-Crash to deal with multi-body-systems. As one application of this model pedestrians have been modeled. During the generation of this pedestrian model special interest has been focused on a realistic movement of the pedestrian and a short calculation time. The pedestrian model shows to be a good tool to analyze the movement of the pedestrian regarding its post impact kinematics and contact locations on the vehicles and the ground.

During recent years the accident simulation program PCCRASH was developed, which allows to simulate the vehicles movement before, during and after the impact. As shown in several publications, the software allows to calculate the 3D movement of all involved vehicles. Within SAE 1999-01-0444 a new coupling interface of PC-CRASH and the software MADYMO, developed by TNO in the Netherlands was published. During last year's publication only few validation cases, mainly related to rear end impacts could be demonstrated. In the mean while several well documented tests have been performed to validate the performance of this model also in frontal and lateral collisions as well as rollovers. A special series of sled tests has been performed to study the movement of the passenger during and after the collision for various impact angles. These tests were performed on an active sled at various test speeds.