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This AIR points out that above a frequency called the “transition frequency,” variances associated with the shielding effectiveness measurements can become large. It includes the derivations to demonstrate this. This fact should be taken into account when designing shielding for use above the transition frequency.

This AIR provides guidance to the EMI test facility on how to check performance of the following types of EMI test equipment: Current probe Line Impedance Stabilization Network (LISN) Directional coupler Attenuator Cable loss Low noise preamplifier Rod antenna base Passive antennas All performance checks can be performed without software. A computer may be required to generate an electronic or hard copy of data. This is not to say that custom software might not be helpful; just that the procedures documented herein specifically eschew the necessity of automated operation.

This AIR provides guidance to the EMI test facility on how to check performance of the following types of EMI test equipment: Current probe Line Impedance Stabilization Network (LISN) Directional coupler Attenuator Cable loss Low noise preamplifier Rod antenna base Passive antennas All performance checks can be performed without software. A computer may be required to generate an electronic or hard copy of data. This is not to say that custom software might not be helpful; just that the procedures documented herein specifically eschew the necessity of automated operation.

This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) establishes overall system electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) control requirements. EMC includes the following: a Electromagnetic Environmental Effects (E3) b Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) c Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) d Electromagnetic Vulnerability (EMV) e Electromagnetic Pulse (EMP) f Hazards of Electromagnetic Radiation to Ordnance (HERO) g Hazards of Electromagnetic Radiation to Personnel (HERP) h Hazards of Electromagnetic Radiation to Fuels (HERF) i High Intensity Radiated Fields (HIRF) j Lightning Protection k Static Electricity I TEMPEST This document is intended to be used for the procurement of land, sea, air, or space systems by any procurement activity. Tailoring of specific requirements is necessary and Appendix A has been provided for guidance.

This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) establishes overall system electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) control requirements. EMC includes the following: a Electromagnetic Environmental Effects (E3) b Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) c Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) d Electromagnetic Vulnerability (EMV) e Electromagnetic Pulse (EMP) f Hazards of Electromagnetic Radiation to Ordnance (HERO) g Hazards of Electromagnetic Radiation to Personnel (HERP) h Hazards of Electromagnetic Radiation to Fuels (HERF) i High Intensity Radiated Fields (HIRF) j Lightning Protection k Static Electricity l TEMPEST This document is intended to be used for the procurement of land, sea, air, or space systems by any procurement activity. Tailoring of specific requirements is necessary and Appendix A has been provided for guidance.

This ARP provides the rationale and theory of charges being present on aircraft while on the ground. The necessary implementation of safety practices are explained and defined.

These cable practice recommendations tend toward design guidance rather than standardization. EMC achievement tests can be standardized, but the means for achievement should not be constrained. The material can best be described as an essay on cabling, and the theme is that a cable is just a part of a complete circuit, the interconnect circuit. Cable EMC performance is thus determined largely by circuit design; it is unrealistic to expect cabling techniques to compensate for improper impedance, symmetry or waveform in the circuit.

This method is used to define the immunity of electric and electronic apparatus and equipment (products) to radiated electromagnetic (EM) energy. This method is based on injecting the calibrated radio frequency currents (voltages) into external conductors and/or internal circuits of the product under test, measuring the strength of the EM field generated by this product and evaluating its immunity to the external EM field on the basis of the data obtained. The method can be utilized only when it is physically possible to connect the injector to the conductors and/or circuits mentioned before.

This method is used to define the immunity of electric and electronic apparatus and equipment (products) to radiated electromagnetic (EM) energy. This method is based on injecting the calibrated radio frequency currents (voltages) into external conductors and/or internal circuits of the product under test, measuring the strength of the EM field generated by this product and evaluating its immunity to the external EM field on the basis of the data obtained. The method can be utilized only when it is physically possible to connect the injector to the conductors and/or circuits mentioned before.

The purpose of this procedure is to establish a technique for reliably and repeatedly measuring the RF shielding characteristics of EMI conductive gasket materials and EMI conductive gaskets. Depending on the materials used for the construction of the measuring setup, the EMI conductive gaskets can be characterized against various joint surfaces. This standard will directly provide shielding effectiveness values up to 40 GHz, and will also be applicable for small samples of conductive EMI gaskets.

This document provides guidance for applying aircraft equipment electromagnetic, electrical, and mechanical qualification standards (i.e., DO-160, MIL-STD-461, MIL-STD-704, and MIL-STD-810) to civil aircraft certification intended for military use and for military aircraft equipment installed on civil aircraft. The guidance identifies where the equipment environmental qualification standards meet the intent of both the civil or military aircraft certification requirements. Conversely, the guidance will identify where the equipment environmental qualification standards have differences that do not meet the intent of the civil or military aircraft certification requirements and when these differences matter based on equipment criticality, installation location, and/or other variables.

This document establishes the minimum requirements for the electrical bonding and grounding of electric, avionic, armament, communication, and electronic equipment installations for aeronautical and aerospace applications. The bonding and grounding requirements specified herein are to ensure that an adequate low resistance return path for electric, avionic, armament, communication and electronic equipment is achieved which can withstand operating conditions and corrosion. This is essential for the reduction of coupling of electromagnetic fields into or out of the equipment as well as for providing electrical stability to control the currents and/or voltages caused by static charges and discharges and for suppressing the hazardous effects thereof.