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The effect of biodiesel content on homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engine performance has been investigated both experimentally and by computer simulation. Combustion experiments were performed in a single cylinder HCCI engine using blends of soy biodiesel in ultra low sulfur diesel, with concentrations ranging from 0 to 50 vol% and equivalence ratios (Φ) from 0.38 to 0.48. Data from the engine tests included combustion analysis and exhaust composition analysis with standard gaseous emissions equipment. The engine utilized a custom port fuel injection strategy to provide highly premixed charges of fuel and air, making it possible to compare the results with single zone chemical kinetics simulations that were performed using CHEMKIN III, with a reaction set including 670 species and over 3000 reactions.

A new pintle injector has been designed and is being produced for IDI engine applications. It features improvements in the areas of heat shield requirements, internal volume and reciprocating mass. Reductions in spring requirements and shank diameter contribute to a smaller envelope. This permits optimization of injector installation and cylinder head design. This paper covers design details as compared to the current S-size nozzle. Test rig and computer simulations results show the improved hydraulic characteristics obtained. Engine temperature measurements are presented to substantiate installation without a heat shield. Engine test data is presented to illustrate performance improvements.