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The increase in biodiesel production is a worldwide tendency due to petroleum scarcity and for its less pollutant usage. Due to this fuel being biodegradable, non-toxic and practically free of sulfur and aromatics, emits a small amount of harmful chemical compounds in its combustion process when compared to fossil fuels. Biodiesel is a biofuel which can be produced from vegetal oils and animal fats. Moreover, residual oils have become a sustainable alternative to biodiesel production once the incorrect disposal of these substances have caused concerning environmental problems in the whole world. Nonetheless, the problematic involved in the usage of this raw material is its high acidity index, which comes from the exposure to high temperatures. This produces a highly acidic fuel, reducing the work life of combustion engines.

Biodiesel is one of the renewable alternatives to the use of diesel of fossil origin, and its usage has been growing in the world. The production of biodiesel can be performed from a large variety of raw materials. Within these raw materials, a known highlight is the cottonseed, from which the oil can represent 20% of its mass. For this, this work has the goal to study, with an experimental and methodic approach, the behavior of an internal combustion engine when working with biodiesel produced from cottonseed and different blends of this biofuel with commercial diesel. The tested proportions were 100%, 80%, 50%, 20% and 0% of biodiesel in the blend. To make this research, the specific fuel consumption and the power generated on a diesel cycle conventional engine working at maximum power speed and plain load were observed.