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Technical Paper

Vehicle Traction Experiments on Snow and Ice

1996-02-01
960652
Traction tests were run during February, 1993 and 1994. The snow tests were conducted at a fairly constant temperature of -2°C and the ice tests at an air temperatures ranging from -4 to -35°C. The test vehicles were a standard midsize automobile and highway maintenance gravel trucks. The automobiles on packed snow at -6°C has an average braking force coefficient of 0.35, a lateral force coefficient of 0.38 and a traction force coefficient of 0.20. The corresponding values for a straight truck are: 0.23, 0.35 and 0.15. An automobile on bare ice at -6°C has an average braking force coefficient and lateral force coefficient of 0.09, and a traction force coefficient of about 0.08. The valves for the truck on bare ice in the same order are 0.06, 0.07 and about 0.04. A relationship was developed between the average braking force coefficient, ambient temperature and the amount of standard highway winter aggregate used on the road.
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