Technical Paper
Sustainable Energy for Mobility: from Sunpowered Electric Propulsion to Hybrid Vehicles with Regenerative Fuels
2006-09-14
2006-01-3002
The worldwide development of mobility - on air, earth or water - is generally characterized by a trade-off between high power and high torque against low specific energy consumption and low pollutant emission. The achieved diversity of propulsion systems and energy sources for mobility allows to develop advantageous combination scenarios between the utilized energy forms, energy conversion modules, energy storage units on board and propulsion machines. The paper presents the available energy sources and the derivable regenerative fuels, the global CO2 balance for representative propulsion configurations and the specific aspects of the energy storage on board. The most advanced concepts of propulsion - from fuel cells to the hybrid systems are presented in an overview, in relationship with their specific advantages and disadvantages.