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The Kyoto Protocol established the reduction of pollutant emissions limits for all sectors of industrial economy in 8%, compared to 1990's levels, to be adopted in the period between 2008 and 2012. Since then, the European Union defined a progressive scale for the emission reduction applied to automotive vehicles, monitoring the levels of Nitrogen Oxide (NOx), Hydrocarbons (HC), Carbon Monoxide (CO) and particulate matter (PM). The European Union named the emission levels as EURO, while Brazil has named it's own Tier (PROCONVE). Since 2009, the Brazilian automotive industries are obligated to produce cars attending to the Tier 2 phase for gasoline and flexible engines and Euro 3 for diesel engines, while the countries using benzene and diesel must attend the Euro 3 phase.