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The effect of fuel quality on exhaust emissions from 2 heavy duty diesel engines has been measured over the ECE R49 test cycle. The engines were selected to represent technologies used to meet Euro 1 and 2 emission standards (1992/93 and 1995/96); engines 1 and 2 respectively. The test fuels were prepared by a combination of processing, blending and additive treatment. When comparing the emissions from engines 1 and 2, using base line data generated on the CEC reference fuel RF73-T-90, engine technology had the major effect on emission levels. Engine 2 reduced both particulate matter (PM) and carbon monoxide (CO) levels by approximately 50%, with total hydrocarbon (THC) being approximately 75% lower. Oxides of nitrogen (NOx) levels were similar for both engines. The variations in test fuel “quality” had marginal effects on emissions, with the two engines giving directionally opposite responses in some cases.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate catalysts suitable for the reduction of particulate emissions from heavy duty diesel engines over the European R49 cycle. Catalyst formulations were screened in a laboratory reactor in order to select promising candidates for further evaluation in test engines. The approach was to evaluate different support materials in relation to storage of sulphates and the optimisation of precious metal loadings with promotors and inhibitors. The objective was to obtain the optimum balance between gaseous activity and particulate control. Catalysts selected from the screening process were installed on a test bed engine. Emissions were measured over the European R49 test procedure, to determine the effect of fuel properties on catalyst efficiency and exhaust emissions. The test engine was selected to represent the technology used to meet Euro 1 emissions standards (1992/3).