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It can be expected that the high speed DIdiesel enginewill play a major role as a drive system for passenger cars and light duty vehicles. The reason is its fuel consumption which is the lowest of all combustion engines. Of course, low exhaust emission levels expecially particulates (PM) and nitric oxides NOx are a requirement in this context. Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) can contribute decisively to achieve acceptable emission levels with high speed DI diesel engines. On the basis of fundamental investigations into the influence of EGR on the combustion process of DI diesel engines, it will be shown how the exhaust gas should be recirculated to obtain effective emission reductions. In particular, it was found that so called “Hot EGR” which keeps the temperature of the recirculated exhaust gases at a very high level, not only helps to reduce NOx but also contributes distinctly to achieve lower hydrocarbon (HC) and PM emissions.