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Ceramic fibers, in a knitted structure, offer an elastic deep-filter medium having a very high specific surface. The robustness of this trap, and its invulnerability to thermo-shock, was demonstrated during a further year of development and tests. By using new manufacturing techniques, the filtration efficiency was further improved, pressure losses reduced, and the required volume diminished. New insight was obtained regarding the employment of the fiber medium for catalysis. The filter concept permits regeneration either electrically or by fuel-additives. The layout versatility facilitates deployment on vehicular and stationary engines, in the pre-turbo position, too.

The “Multiple Disc Converter” is an innovative concept. In comparison to conventional catalytic converters, it is significantly less expensive and more compact, at identical conversion efficiency and durability. The catalytic substrate consists of 4 to 5 cylindrical ceramic discs with 62 cells/cm2 (400 cells/inch2). These are assembled in a sheet metal casing, without gaps between the discs, and angularly offset to each other. The flow through the channels is interrupted at the contact surfaces of the individual discs. Hence, the restarted turbulent flow intensifies the transverse mass transfer. Further, the uniformity of the exhaust gas flow is improved, particularly in the first discs. Thus, the conversion of emissions is improved and the durability extended. When the conversion is maintained at the level of conventional converters, then the converter volume can be substantially reduced using the same specific catalyst loading.