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A high speed flow visualization technique was utilized to study fuel spray development and the fuel-air mixing process in a direct fuel injection motored rotary engine assembly. Kerosene fuel was injected through a single hole nozzle at an angle of 60° from the horizontal axis into the combustion chamber. The nozzle was installed in a Servojet fuel injection system that was mounted in the central housing of a rotary engine. A 40 watt copper vapor laser was sychronized with a high speed rotating prism camera to expose motion picture films at 5000 frames per second (fps). The fuel spray structure was studied at injection pressures of 44 and 70 MPa, and at nominal injection durations of 1.2 and 2.8 ms. The engine shaft speed was 2000 rpm. A sequence of successive frames was selected from high speed films and then used to analyze the fuel spray characteristics. The flow field and rotor motion which had contributing effects on the fuel spray behavior were also considered.

This study involves the development of high speed flow visualization and laser doppler velocimetry (LDV) systems which are used to study the fuel spray-air mixing flow characteristics within the combustion chamber of a motored rotary engine. A 40-watt copper vapor laser is used as the light source. Its beam is focused down to a sheet approximately 1 mm thick. The light plane is passed through the combustion chamber, which allows complete optical access, and it illuminates smoke particles which were entrained in the intake air. The light scattered off the particles is recorded by a high speed rotating prism camera. Movies are made showing the air flow within the combustion chamber. The results of a movie showing the development of a high speed (100 Hz) high pressure (68.94 MPa, 10000 psi) fuel jet are also discussed. The visualization system is synchronized so that a pulse generated by the camera triggers the laser's thyratron.