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Lean-burn engines now being developed employ in-cylinder injection which requires high pressures and so necessitates expensive injection equipment. The injection system proposed here is an air assisted in-cylinder injection system which is injecting a mixture of air and fuel in the cylinder during the intake stroke and allowing atomization at lower injection pressures than those necessary in compressing fuel with a usual solid injection. This time, the experiments used a testing engine of a 4 stroke gasoline OHV type replacing the Side Valve type. Performance with a small depression in the main combustion chamber was investigated with a spark plug and reed valve installed in the depression. The engine was operated then following the same method as last year (SAE 982698). As a result, the lean burn method employed here was possible over a wide range of engine speeds and loads. Moreover, it was also shown that this operation was possible with a fully opened throttle valve.

Early stage combustion systems, with lean homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI), have been studied, with the intent to decrease the pollutant emission characteristics of DI diesel engines. Early stage combustion enables drastic reductions in both nitrogen oxides (NOx) and smoke emission, but the operating load range is restricted, due to combustion phenomena, such as unsteady combustion and knocking. In this study, we explored the possibility of broadening the operating load range in HCCI and reducing pollutant emissions using Dimethyl Ether (DME) fumigated through the intake pipe. However, the improvements in load range were found to be less than 0.1 MPa in brake mean effective pressure (BMEP), even when compression ratios were reduced and Methane with high octane number was mixed. Therefore, a DME premixed charge could be used only at light loads. At heavier loads a hybrid fuel system with a DME premixed charge and diesel fuel injection is necessary.