Search Results

1 Analysis of limited and nonlimited emissions of scooters was performed during several research programs of the Swiss Federal Office of Environment Forests and Landscape (FOEFL) - and as a contribution to the European project ARTEMIS*). Small scooters, which are very much used in the congested centers of the European cities are a remarkable source of air pollution. Therefore every effort to reduce the emissions is an important contribution to improve the air quality in urban centers. In the present work detailed investiga-tions of a Peugeot scooter with TSDI (Two Stroke Direct Injection) were per-formed and the emissions were compa-red to the other 2-S & 4-S scooters. As nonlimited emissions the nanopar-ticulate emissions at cold and warm operating conditions were measured by means of SMPS, ELPI and NanoMet*). The measurements were both: at steady state and at transient operating conditions.

1 During the research programs of the Swiss Federal Office of Environment Forests and Landscape (FOEFL) - and as a contribution to to the European project ARTEMIS*) analysis of limited and nonlimited emissions of motorcycles was performed. Exhaust emissions measurements of two motorcycles without catalyst: 4-stroke 750 cc and 1100 cc have been performed in the present work. Identical driving cycles have been repeated and the influence of the cooling duration on the emissions at cold start was investigated. A cold start in the temperature range of 20 ÷ 25 °C can be regarded as a “summer cold start”. As nonlimited emissions the nanoparticulate emissions at cold and warm operating conditions were measured by means of SMPS and NanoMe**). The measurements were performed at steady state and at transient operating conditions. The present work cleared up several details about the emissions of strong motorized motorcycles.

1 Analysis of limited and nonlimited emissions of scooters was performed during several research programs of the Swiss Federal Office of Environment Forests and Landscape (FOEFL) - and as a contribution to the European project ARTEMIS *). Small scooters, which are very much used in the congested centers of the European cities are a remarkable source of air pollution. Therefore every effort to reduce the emissions is an important contribution to improve the air quality in urban centers. In the present work detailed investigations of a Peugeot scooter with TSDI (Two Stroke Direct Injection) were performed and the emissions were compared to the other 2-S & 4-S scooters. As nonlimited emissions the nanoparticulate emissions at cold and warm operating conditions were measured by means of SMPS, ELPI and NanoMet *). The measurements were both: at steady state and at transient operating conditions.

1 Small scooters are very much used in the congested centers of the European cities. Even if there is a continuous technical progress, the small two-wheelers are a remarkable source of air pollution. During the research programs of the Swiss Federal Office of Environment Forests and Landscape (FOEFL) - and as a contribution to the European project ARTEMIS *) analysis of limited and nonlimited emissions of scooters was performed. Exhaust emissions measurements of two Scooters: 4-stroke 125 cc and 2-stroke 50 cc have been performed with and without catalyst. Identical driving cycles have been repeated and the influence of the cooling duration on limited the emissions at cold start was investigated. A cold start in the temperature range of 20 - 25 °C can be regarded as a “summer cold start”. As nonlimited emissions the nanoparticulate emissions at cold and warm operating conditions were measured by means of SMPS, ELPI and NanoMet *).

Limited and nonlimited emissions of scooters were analysed during several annual research programs of the Swiss Agency of Environment Forests and Landscape (SAEFL, BUWAL)*). Small scooters, which are very much used in the congested centers of several cities are a remarkable source of air pollution. Therefore every effort to reduce the emissions is an important contribution to improve the air quality in urban centers. In the present work detailed investigations of particle emissions of a Peugeot scooter with TSDI (Two Stroke Direct Injection) were performed. The nanoparticulate emissions with different lube oils and fuels were measured by means of SMPS, (CPC) and NanoMet *). Also the particle mass emission (PM) was measured with the same method as for Diesel engines. It can be stated, that the oil and fuel quality have a considerable influence on the particle emissions, which are mainly oil condensates.