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Lean burning in piston engines gives opportunity to achieve important enviromental and fuel economy objectives. Unfortunately, lean mixtures are not readily ignited and are characterized by poor flame propagation. Thus, techniques which enhance ignition, flame formation and its propagation must be applied, if lean combustion is to be reliably sustained. To overcome difficulties related to the lean burning, it has been proposed to equip the engine cylinders with prechambers, containing catalytic inserts, shaped in form of an open coil. The coils not only facilitate ignition but also generate turbulence, to intensify the combustion process in prechamber. A four-cylinder Diesel engine has been adapted for experiments aimed at confirmation of the effectiveness of the catalytic action on operation of the system.