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A material recycling or circulating system is an essential component of a Controlled Ecological Life Support System (CELSS) in a closed system such as in space, on the moon or in the deep sea. The present study was initiated to establish an optimal design for a microorganism-reactor, so-called compost, for a material circulating system, especially for feces, garbage and sewage in a CELSS. We found that intestinal microorganisms from livestock created the best results for compost from feces, garbage and sewage. In the present experiments, we used two types of bioreactors: one is a solid processor and the other is a liquid processor. Product from both reactors were satisfactory as organic fertilizer for plants in the system.

A material recycling or circulating system is an essential component of a Controlled Ecological Life Support System (CELSS) in a closed space such as in space, on the moon or in the deep sea. The system is divided into two types: one is a biosystem and other one is a non-biosystem or pure chemical-type. Both have advantages and disadvantages, respectively. In a previous report, we have reported a microalgal culturing system for CO2 elimination and O2 regeneration or a so-called life support sytem, in closed air on the ground by using the photosynthetic alga, Euglena gracilis. z. The present study was initiated to establish an optimal design for a microorganism-reactor for a material circulating system, especially for feces, garbage and sewage in a CELSS. We focused on the microorganisms in the present culturing system. We investigated to find the best microorganisms for a material circulation system that functions effectively in the CELSS.