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Technical Paper

Toyota's New Five-Speed Automatic Transaxle U150E for FWD Passenger Cars

2002-03-04
2002-01-0936
A new five-speed automatic transaxle, U150E, has been developed for FWD passenger cars. The goals of the development of this transaxle are fuel economy improvement, better acceleration performance, and a smoother shift feel. U150E achieved its targets by adopting a wide gearing range and using hydraulic control system design based on various simulations. This paper describes the major features, performance of this automatic transaxle, and technical points of the development.
Technical Paper

Development of Oil-Cooled Engine for Optimization of Engine Cooling System

2016-11-08
2016-32-0089
Improvement of warming performance is required for engine cooling system, because such improvement has an important role for lower emissions. However, the cooling performance and the warming performance of engine are related to the transactions. To improve such trade-off relation between the two performances, oil-cooled system was developed which components are simpler than conventional water-cooled system with a single cylinder, 339cc engine. The oil-cooled system has an “oil jacket” that closely encircles the combustion chamber to cool the cylinder head and cylinder sufficiently. This system adopts the engine lubrication oil to cool combustion chamber, thus the average temperature of the combustion chamber is higher than usual water-cooled engine that enables better warming performance.
Technical Paper

Analysis of Cooling and Warm-Up Performance of Oil-Cooled Engine with Fin-Shaped Oil Jacket

2018-10-30
2018-32-0036
An oil-cooled engine has been developing to achieve better warm-up performance. The oil-cooled engine has an oil jacket that pass through around the exhaust port and the cylinder liner. Fins were installed inside the oil jacket to enhance cooling performance. The result of a bench test shows that the fins enhance the cooling performance with slight loss of warm-up performance. The aim of this study is to clarify effects of the fins. This study conducted two simulations. One is a cooling simulation that was conducted to clarify the reason why the fins enhanced the cooling performance. The other is a warm-up simulation that was conducted to clarify the reason why the fins almost maintained the warm-up performance. The cooling simulation was conducted by steady flow simulation. It simulated a full-load operation of the bench test. It compared converged temperature between the engines with/without the fins. The warm-up simulation was conducted by unsteady flow simulation.
Technical Paper

Measurement and 3D Simulation for Analysis of Emission Improvement in Oil-Cooled Engine

2017-11-05
2017-32-0020
The aim of this study is to analyze the emission improvement in the oil-cooled engine by use of internal cylinder gas pressure measurement and 3D simulation of thermal flow and combustion. In the previous study, two test engines were designed to evaluate the benefits of the oil-cooled engine. One was an oil-cooled, and the other was a water-cooled engine. Both engines were single cylinder engines with SOHC valve-train systems. The hardware specifications of both engines were exactly the same except for their cooling systems in order to clarify how the difference in engine cooling system affects their cooling performance, warm-up performance and emission performance.
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