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To clarify the thermal deterioration mechanism of three-way catalysts quantitatively, we investigated the relationship between the catalytic performance and the catalyst characteristics for thermally aged Pt/Rh catalysts. 1. Experimentally, the HC oxidation reaction, which occurs on the surface of Pt/Rh particles on catalysts, is approximated by a first-order reaction of HC concentration with a constant activation energy. 2. The relationship between the Pt mean diameter D and the HC 50% conversion temperature T50 is described by the following equation; where E and kB are the activation energy of the reaction and the Boltzman constant, respectively. 3. The sintering rate of Pt particles on the three-way catalysts was found to depend on the aging temperature(T) of catalyst and the concentration of oxygen in the gas phase([O2]).

NOx reduction activity in an oxidizing exhaust gas was significantly improved by discharging non-thermal plasma and catalysts (plasma assisted catalysis). We investigated effective catalyst for plasma assisted catalysis in view of hydrocarbon-selective catalytic reduction(HC-SCR). Plasma assist was effective for γ-alumina and alkali or alkaline earth metals loaded zeolite and γ-alumina showed the highest NOx conversion among these catalysts. On the other hand, Plasma assist was not effective for Cu-ZSM-5 and Pt loaded catalyst. The NOx conversion for the plasma assisted γ-alumina decreased by formation of a deposit on the catalyst below 400°C. It is shown that indium loading on γ-alumina improved the NOx reduction activity and suppressed the degradation of the NOx reduction activity at 300°C with plasma assist.

This paper presents the numerical simulation method to predict the deactivation process of three-way catalytic converters. Three-way catalytic converter's deactivation typically results from thermal and chemical mechanisms. The major factor of thermal deactivation is the sintering of noble metal particles, which is known to depend on the ageing temperature and the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas. The chemical deactivation is mainly caused by the poisoning, which has two effects on the catalyst deactivation. One effect is the loss of the catalyst activity, which is expressed by reduced frequency factors of reaction rates. Another effect is the suppression of the noble metal sintering. Poison deposits prevent the noble metal particles from moving in the washcoat, assisted by the reduced thermal loading of reaction heats, which is caused by the loss of the catalyst activity. Modeling these deactivation factors, we propose the rate expression of noble metal sintering.