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The fuel crises of the 1970's and early 1980's focused attention on the desirability of developing alternative fuels and decreasing the dependency on petroleum-based fuels. Vegetable oils and derivatives are among the materials that were extensively investigated as alternative diesel fuels. Vegetable oils are a potential alternative to the partial or total substitution of diesel fuels. It was known that short-term engine tests have been successful with vegetable oils; however, long-term tests have revealed the fuel limitations regarding lubricating oil contamination, deposits on engine surfaces and performance problems. This study shows how the added advantages of air-cooled engine over the water-cooled engine become the preferred choice for the SVO run diesel engine. Based on the 100 hrs SVO run diesel engine, the modification has been carried out for the long run. Different emission measurements were carried out and studied in comparison with conventional diesel.

This study was carried out to evaluate the variation in performance and emission characteristics of a multi cylinder Multi-point Fuel Injection (MPFI) automotive Spark Ignition (SI) engine after incorporating an additional manifold for gas injectors to throttle body. To install gas injectors for Compressed Natural Gas (CNG)/Hydrogen-CNG (HCNG) operation throttle body of the engine was modified using a novel manifold. The performance and emission characteristics of the existing throttle body and the new throttle body configuration were evaluated. The parameters studied were Manifold Air Pressure (MAP), Torque and Emissions (HC, CO, CO2, and NOx) for gasoline operation. The influence of installing new manifold on these parameters was evaluated. It was important to evaluate the degree of variation of the parameters on the gasoline operation so that the addition of new manifold for gas operation could be validated. The measurement was carried out at wide open throttle.

Performance, combustion and emissions investigations relating to the use of gasoline injection in a spark ignition engine are described in this paper. The engine used for experimental purpose is a motorcycle engine of 13.4 kW (18 HP). Experimental engine test setup is designed to operate in carburetion as well as in injection mode [1]. Electronic controlled throttle body injection system is designed to operate test engine in injection mode. This paper also present the procedure used for gasoline fuel injection optimization and discussed the results obtain for minimum fuel consumption, for maximum power and for minimum brake specific fuel consumption, for optimization of the start of injection (i.e. injection delay), injection duration and injection pressure, for the entire operating range, of the research engine used for investigation.