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The search for clean automotive propulsion system has brought to study a new hybrid system. This hybrid system allows the mechanical energy produced by the thermal engine be partly stored in battery pack and partly be sent directly to the wheels without being converted into electrical energy. The main components of this system are: one battery pack, two electrical machine, one i.c. engine, and a three-axes planetary train. The i.c. engine has a constant speed, so that it is possible to minimise fuel waste. The first electrical machine drives the first axis of planetary train and is connected to the driving shaft of the i.c. engine through a friction drive; the role of this electrical machine is to modulate the torque of the i.c. engine. The second electrical machine drives the second axis of the planetary train and is running at a variable speed; the role of this electrical machine is to provide the kinematic control of the vehicle.

The search for clean automotive propulsion systems has brought to study, besides the full electric solution and the traditional hybrid schemes, a family of new hybrid powertrains, called SIPRE and introduced by PARMENIDE s.r.l. (Rome) some years ago; SIPRE is the acronym of Sistema lbrido di Propulsione con Ruotismo Epicicloidale (in Italian language), i.e.: hybrid propulsion systems with planetary gear train. Such kind of systems have been studied for four years and five different versions have been developed. The main aim of this research is the realisation of hybrid powertrains with improved performances and efficiencies; analysing the traditional series and parallel hybrid systems is manifest that an enhanced hybrid equipment can be achieved developing a system layout with the minimum number of machines and reducing the number of energy conversions between the thermal unit and the vehicle traction system.