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Optimization of catalytic converter related to flow improvements, cost and conversion of pollutants using computational model and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) are described in this paper. A computational model is developed for predicting the performance of Pd/Rh catalytic converter at wide range of operating conditions. An experimental investigation was done on Pd/Rh catalytic converter for validating the model. Optimization of the catalytic converter was carried out based on three parameters namely catalytic converter length, cell densities and typical metal loading. The cell densities varied from 200 cpi to 1200 cpi. The length of the catalytic converter varied from 70 mm to 180 mm. About 8 patterns were studied on Pd/Rh catalytic converter. The predicted patterns show that about 48 percent precious metal can be saved by proposed metal loading patterns.

The Partially Pre-mixed Charge Compression Ignition (PCCI) combustion was experimentally and computationally investigated with retarded injection timing for mixture homogeneity and for lower emissions. PCCI combustion concept was experimentally evaluated with retarded injection timing close to TDC with high EGR levels up to 50%. The CFD analysis has carried out for mixture homogeneity with different injection pressures and timings. A 4-cylinder TCIC engine having 2valves/cylinder were selected for experiments and speed vs. torque mapped for LCV applications. A Visio technique has been used to study the in-cylinder combustion. After fine tuning of injection pressure, injection timing and EGR ratio over entire range of engine speeds and loads, a 13-mode ESC test cycle has been carried out for EURO-IV and EURO-V emissions. Experimental results shows that it is possible to meet EURO-IV emissions with combined PCCI-DI combustion concept with economical aftertreatment solution.