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Carburettors are widely used for control of Air/fuel mixture in 2/3 wheeler vehicles in India as well as other countries. Carburettor technology has improved over the years to meet stringent emission requirements as well as fuel economy demands of customer. With the introduction of Euro-III regulations in 2006 and proposed BS IV requirements in India, emphasis is laid on the transient control capability of carburettor. A project was undertaken at Ucal Fuel Systems to understand the transient characteristics of carburettor and develop electronic control to achieve programmable control of Air/Fuel ratio on the driving cycle. Several tests were conducted on carburettor flow test bench and on chassis dynamometer to understand the transient control response and develop control strategy. It is observed that the Air/fuel ratio measured at steady speed trials, have a marked influence on the transient Air/Fuel ratio behavior as measured on drive cycles.

Automotive emission regulations in India are becoming stringent day-by-day. With the deterioration of air quality, the new techniques suitable under Indian condition to reduce the emissions from automotive vehicles are becoming extremely important. In India large percentage of the vehicle population is 2-wheeler vehicles using a mechanical control for the air/fuel ratio. A project was undertaken to develop the simple Electronic Control System (ECS) for 4-stroke 2-wheeler vehicles. With the unleaded petrol available in the India, catalytic converters are becoming popular and are used on almost all passenger car vehicles as well as 2-stroke 2-wheeler vehicles. Efficiency of the 3-way catalytic converters is optimum for all the three pollutants provided the Air Fuel (A/F) ratio is maintained at the stoichiometry. It is very difficult to maintain A/F ratio at stoichiometry with the mechanical controls presently used.