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Optimization of combustion system is important element to design reciprocating engines and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) approach is an effective tool for it. Though CFD approach is widely used to analyze air motion now, further improvement is needed for fuel spray applications especially practical use, such as requirement of special knowledge and its complicated behavior. In this thesis, CFD approach was applied to the free spray in the test rig to understand the diesel spray characteristics and applicability for practical design. A spray visualization techniques including Phase Doppler Particle Analyzer (PDPA) were combined for further understanding. As a result, fuel injection systems were evaluated by CFD approach, that showed the potential to use for practical design process.