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The most important tool used in testing methods for evaluating the performance of seat-systems in rear-end impacts is a biofidelic crash test dummy. It has been reported that there are differences in response between two kinds of such dummies, BioRID P3 and Hybrid III, in rear-end impacts at Δ V=9.2 km/h. The objective of this study is to compare the responses of these two types of dummies, at moderate speeds with HYGE sled tests (Δ V=15 km/h, 25 km/h). At Δ V=25 km/h or less, the BioRID and HYIII dummies showed clear differences in their response to a rear-end collision, and the BioRID showed higher biofidelity than the HyIII in this condition.

Regarding THOR-50AM dummy lower extremities (hereafter referred to as ""THOR''and ""THOR-LX'') developed as an assembly of lower extremities for next-generation dummies in frontal impact test, we have conducted a series of tests as follows. HYGE sled tests with a toe-board simulating the impact upon intrusion into the vehicle compartment around the occupant feet, dummy dropping tests with two different postures; one is the upright posture with the knees set straight and another is the posture with the knees bent, in order to apply impact loads and to measure/evaluate the impact response characteristics.