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In order to clarify the trend of PM emission characteristic caused by fuel change, we propose a fundamental flame research method using a small pool flame system. Characteristics such as size distribution and formation rate of PM from laminar diffusion flames of gasoline fuels (JIS No.1 and No.2) were investigated by an electric microbalance and a SMPS (Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer). PM exhaust from flame of surrogate gasoline fuels and hydrocarbon fuels of various chemical structures were also measured. As the result, it was found that both of exhaust-PM concentration and PM number peak size increased with increasing of alkene and aromatic compositions in fuel.