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Experiments were performed in an optically-accessible DI Diesel engine to investigate the effects of the addition of oxygenated blending compounds to Diesel fuel. The focus of the study was to determine how the structure and boiling point of the oxygenating compounds affect the emissions of NOx and soot. NOx, CO2 and CO concentrations in the engine exhaust were measured using gas analyzers. Laser light extinction was used to measure time-resolved, in-cylinder soot concentrations. Two different oxygenate families, maleates and glycol ethers, were chosen to study the effects of molecular structure on emissions. For both families, oxygenates of various boiling points were examined within the distillation range of the base Diesel fuel. All oxygenates were blended into the base Diesel fuel to obtain two percent oxygen by mass.