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Conceptual studies of closed ecological life support systems (CELSS) carried out at NAL in Japan for a water recycle system using membranes1) are reviewed. The system will treat water from shower room, urine, impure condensation from gas recycle system, and so on. The H2 O recycle system is composed of pre-filter, ultrafiltration membrane, reverse osmosis membrane, and distillator. Some results are shown for a bullet train of toilet-flushing water recycle equipment with an ultrafiltration membrane module. The constant value of the permeation rate with a 4.7m2 of module is about 70 1/h after 500h of operation. Thermovaporization with porous polytetrafluorocarbon membrane is also proposed to replace the distillator.