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Based on a thermodynamic approach, an analysis of a dual fuel combustion, in this particular case Syngas-Diesel, in a CI engine is presented. The influence of fuel substitution on combustion characteristics and engine performances are highlighted. Ignition delay (ID) and combustion models were developed to compute combustion characteristics and exhaust gas emissions. The paper focuses on three combustion stages, each described by a Wiebe law. The developed model ascertains experimental values of the Rate Of Heat Released (ROHR) at different loads and at various substitution rates of diesel fuel. Moreover, an Arrhenius equation law is used to predict NOx emissions. Good agreement with experimental data has been achieved between predicted and experimental data.