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Motor racing circuit barrier systems have traditionally been tested by impacting them with, typically, a 780kg, 450mm x 450mm flat impactor, at a velocity of 12m/s (43.2kph). Since the adoption of energy absorbing nose-cones on Formula1 and other single-seater racing cars, which are subject to an FIA impact test into a rigid barrier, it has become necessary to develop a more appropriate barrier test to take into account the compatibility between the sharp, rigid nose-cone and the relatively soft tyre barriers that are used on circuits world-wide. The FIA commissioned the Transport Research Laboratories (TRL) in the UK, to carry out a series of barrier impact tests using a Formula 3000 nose-cone mounted on the 780kg impacting trolley, at speeds of 16.7m/s (60kph) and 22.2m/s (80kph).