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In this work, atomization parameters were analyzed by the image visualization of spray from a multi-hole direct injection injector, operating in a backpressure chamber. Such characteristics like cone angle and penetration were analyzed for similar fluids concerning gasoline and ethanol - EXXSOL D40 and EXXSOL D60 respectively under an environment pressure of 5 bar, to simulate incylinder condition, and injection pressure of 70, 90, 100 and 110 bar. To control the injection a Motec-M84 and a driver peak and hold were used. A high speed camera was used for recording images of injection process. The spray images were obtained by a 6504 frames per second recording process, applying shadowgraph technique and MatLab codes were written for image treatment. With the data generated, a comparison between the fluid parameters could be made for direct injection under pressurized environment.

Gasoline direct injection (GDI) engines have very attractive potential for improving fuel economy and exhaust emissions, especially disadvantages of increased fuel consumption at part load. In this research, a study has been made on the investigations of stratified lean combustion in a wall-air guided type spark-ignition single cylinder optical research engine. Experiments were conducted at constant load (NIMEP 3 bar) using ethanol as fuel, for a wide range of injection, ignition and mixture formation parameters. Engine efficiency and combustion stability were evaluated at each excess air ratio. Optical visualization illustrated the spray behavior and flame propagation. Specific fuel consumption improvement was achieved with lean burn mixtures. Thus, combustion analysis data based on in-cylinder pressure measurement provide useful data for ethanol GDI engine development.