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A phenomenological engine model has been developed to study direct injection of liquid fuels in diesel and gasoline engines. Sub-models were obtained from the literature wherever possible and include those for initial drop size, droplet vaporization, and spray penetration. The progress of the injected spray, including both liquid and vapor, is visualized relative to the combustion chamber bowl boundaries and gives valuable insight on where the spray tip intersects the piston bowl surface, and whether it is in a liquid or gaseous state. The one-dimensional spray penetration used in the model is oblivious to surfaces (thus no spray-wall interactions), air motion, turbulence, and mixing with air, but is properly influenced by gas temperature and density.