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Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) is now looked upon as a leading renewable fuel for vehicles in INDIA due to mounting foreign exchange expenditure to import crude petroleum. Impending stringent emissions regulations for diesel engines, specifically exhaust particulate emissions have caused engine manufactures to once again examine the potential of alternative fuels. Much interest has centred on CNG due to its potential for low particulate and hydrocarbon based emissions and adulteration hostile nature. Significant amount of research and development work is being undertaken in INDIA to investigate various aspects of CNG utilization in different types of engines. This paper discusses the methodology for conversion of a diesel engine to dedicated CNG engine and to make the engine to meet EURO-V norms. The primary modifications are made on the piston, cylinder head, intake manifold, throttle body adaptation and exhaust system.

Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) engine has proved itself to be worthy replacement for diesel in heavy commercial and passenger transport application all over the world. In India, infrastructure development of CNG distribution and stringent emission regulations have increased the interest shown by Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEM) to concentrate to development of CNG vehicles in every segment. Indian cities are fighting pollution due to high vehicle density and since contribution of light commercial vehicles in intra city application is significant, application of dedicated CNG vehicle has been made mandatory. This paper discusses the development of dedicated CNG engine using injection technology meeting the upcoming BS-IV norms. The primary modifications made are in the cylinder head, piston, intake and exhaust systems. The engine being developed for commercial application, the best in class fuel economy is of prime focus.

Present day technology is continuously being upgraded in order to meet demand for cleaner vehicles by meeting stringent emission norms. The other driving force is vehicle performance in terms of drivability, fuel economy and comfort. Gasoline engine meets all the requirements except fuel economy, where in diesel engine has an advantage. The need of the hour is to achieve drivability, comfort and fuel economy of diesel engine. Apart from development of direct injection common rail and hybrid electric vehicle, this need has also caused development of gaseous fuels like LPG. The gaseous fuel could be CNG, LPG or Hydrogen depending upon the availability. This will also help in delay of depletion of fossil fuel reserves. Main features of this technology are its cost effective operation, modular nature and adaptation on old generation of vehicles.