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In this paper the effects of design parameters on the performance of an electric vehicle are presented. A detailed mathematical model was established using governing vehicle dynamics equations. Ideal energy storage systems were modelled with high order polynomial equations and represented graphically in the form of Ragonne curves. This was followed by the development of a simulation program which was utilized to optimize the design parameters, such as specific energy and mass of the storage system, electric motor operating voltage and electric drive final gear ratio. The effects these parameters had on the objective functions, namely range, acceleration, specific consumption, battery cycle life and cost were investigated. The outlined optimization process is presented in a manner which enables the designer to optimize electric or hybrid electric vehicles.

New regulations adopted by some North America states, to reduce pollution from vehicles, are forcing the auto-industry to introduce hybrid electric cars as a temporary solution, before the “clean” electric vehicles would become ready for consumer use. The FutureCar concept introduced by the USA government, in cooperation with the “Big Three” automotive manufacturers, is the first step to solve the future energy shortage and pollution problems associated with today's vehicles. The paper presents a proposal towards development of a low-cost, high efficiency and low emission mid-size car with an acceptable driveability. The choice of the IC engine, electric motor, drivetrain and control system are described. A demonstration project initiated in parallel should contribute to the validity of this proposal.