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The combination of electrical engines with solar arrays, well shielded against radiation long-term LSS, and remote control robot-manipulator system named “Space Rover” is shown to be very promising tool for space exploration. General parameters of space ship based on already developed components, and parameters of flight are considered. Optimal structure of hybrid LSS for middle space range space missions is calculated. As optimization criteria minimum mass and maximum reliability are chosen. Combinations of biological and physical-chemical components are evaluated. It is shown that namely hybrid LSS provide the highest level of reliability and the best mass parameters.

In the paper problems which seems to be significant and unavoidable for CELSS practical application are considered: 1) the problem of selection of appropriate CELSS composition, which is highly important for concentrating efforts and finance on the most promising version of CELSS; 2) the problem of comprehensive testing of CELSS and evaluating its reliability which is obligatory necessary for real applications; 3) the problem of reproducing and comparing different experimental data from different CELSS. Possible ways of solving this problems are considered.

Of the possible Life Support Systems evaluation criteria, the criterion of "integral reliability" is proposed. This criterion incorporates three main indices: reliability, mass, and quality of life. It is possible to interrelate these indices only if the space mission is considered as a whole. It is shown that there must exist a LSS mass optimum with respect to mission reliability. The specific form of "integral reliability" expression and the number of terms depend on the mission scenario. This work considers different LSS for orbital station, Lunar base, and Mars mission scenarios.

Different versions of lunar base Biological LSS (BLSS) are optimized, compared and discussed in terms of two criteria: well known criterion of minimal accumulated mass and the criterion of integral reliability which takes into account LSS reliability, LSS mass, the quality of human life, some aspects of lunar base servicing. In the paper different types of BLSS for lunar base are considered: LSS with hydrogen-oxidizing bacteria; LSS with micro-algae; LSS with higher plants. The influence of different power source usage on optimal BLSS structure is also investigated. The parameters of lunar base BLSS based on present level of closure technology are calculated.