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Ethanol is an alternative renewable fuel produced from various agricultural products. Ethanol-diesel emulsion technique is used for the utilization of ethanol in diesel engines wherein ethanol is used without any modification. The performance, combustion and emission characteristics of a direct injection (DI) diesel engine for off-highway application were evaluated using ethanol-diesel microemulsions. The addition of ethanol to diesel fuel simultaneously decreases calorific value, kinematic viscosity and stability of fuel. Ethyl acetate was used as an additive/ingredient to keep the blends in homogeneous and stable state. Blends (D80/E13/EA07; D70/E17/EA13; D60/E23/EA17) were selected for engine experiments based on stability behavior and fuel properties. The results showed no significant power reduction in the engine operation with ethanol-diesel microemulsions.

The research work focus on the occurrence of incylinder peak pressure variation and fuel spray characteristics on piston seizure. The study has been carried out for direct injection diesel engine of heavy duty off-highway application. The well optimized and normal combustion results into the peak cylinder pressure variation within 3.5 bar to 4 bar, whereas the abnormal combustion signposts the peak cylinder pressure almost double of normal combustion. The research work has been carried out to study the effect of different peak cylinder pressure variation and its effect on the start of piston seizure. The three different range of peak cylinder pressure variation have been selected for the study. The selected range of peak cylinder pressure depicts normal to abnormal combustion characteristics. The effect on piston motion dynamics and start of piston seizure has been carried out successfully.