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Internal Combustion Stirling Engine is a kind of internal combustion engine with a heat regenerator and combustion room inside the cylinder head, so that it can be said “Regenerative internal combustion engine”. The engine under test here, is a one cylinder two cycles internal combustion engine with two pistons in tandem, the one is the displacer, the other the power piston. They are controlled by a rhombic mechanism to regulate their phase relation, similar to the conventional Stirling engine, and fuel is injected at the top space. Here in this paper, the temperature efficiency, flow resistance of materials and their endurability against corrosion and erosion of heat regenerator elements are studied and described.

For a high speed Diesel engine , gas oil and lighter heavy oil are used in general, but, in order to reduce NOx (Nitorogine Oxide) in exhaust gas and also to prepare for the future world wide oil shortages, blends of alternative fuels, such as alcohols are of interest. These additive to Diesel engines have been studied for a long time in this institute, as well as in many other institutes in JAPAN. Here, the ignition temperature of blended gas oil and others, mixed with various alcohols (mainly ethanol) and Decanol or Isoamyl Ether, are measured independently to analyse the effect of this blending on the improvement of emission quality. Ethanol is of paticular interest because it is a fuel produced from all biomass including cereals, rice, corn, potatoes etc, crops widely produced in many places in the world, as seen in Figure 1.

The performance of Stirling engines depends on the performance of regenerators. Regenerators are primarily expected to have good temperature efficiency. In addition, the flow losses and dead space must be minimized. These factors, however, are in opposition to each other. Although a considerable amount of research has focused on these three factors, few studies have analyzed them in actual reciprocating flows. Moreover, it has not been possible to measure the temperature efficiency by using a working gas due to the rapid change of the gas temperature. Therefore, in this study, we measured the transition of the temperature in the reciprocating flows in a regenerator by using water instead of a gas and then examined the characteristics of the regenerator. Here, we report the observed transition of temperature, which almost coincided with results previously obtained by computer simulation.