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A multi-position 4-stroke piston engine utilizing a novel rotary valve system was developed for handheld outdoor power equipment applications such as chainsaws, brush cutters, and string trimmers. The purpose of the project was to create a low-emission 4-stroke engine with 2-stroke performance levels including high RPM limits and power output. This was accomplished using a rotary valve system in lieu of the typical poppet valves of traditional 4-stroke engines. The prototype was then incorporated into a functional product for overall performance evaluation. Three prototype 45cc rotary valve engines were developed and tested in both real-world usage and on laboratory engine dynamometers to measure power output and emissions levels.

Auto-ignition quality is one of the most important properties in gasoline. Auto-ignition quality is today described by the Motor Octane Number (MON) and the Research Octane Number (RON). For modern, light duty, gasoline engines it has been quite well established that RON is the most accurate number. However, no study has been performed on hand held forest and garden products, such as chainsaws. Is the auto-ignition quality best described in the same way for these engines as for light duty engines? In this paper, a matrix of six different fuels with different combinations of MON and RON values were tested on a Husqvarna 550 XP Mark II, a modern air cooled, sequential stratified scavenging 2-stroke chainsaw engine. Ignition timing sweeps were performed and knock limited spark advance (KLSA) were calculated.

To achieve realistic gas temperature and pressure in spray-study bombs, both precombustion and rapid-compression machines are used frequently. This paper describes an alternative concept for achieving the desired gas conditions. The gas intended for the spray study is pre-heated to 660°C in an external heated vessel made of a heat-resistant alloy. Prior to injection, the heated vessel is connected to the spray bomb via a new fast-opening valve located inside the bomb, and the hot gas fills the bomb rapidly. For convenient actuation of unit injectors in laboratory set-ups, a new hydraulic-based actuation system was developed. An eccentric drives a hydraulic piston. A second hydraulic piston actuates the unit injector. A range of injection pressure histories, i.e. rate shaping, can be obtained. The stiffness of the hydraulic system is compared with the normal cam - cam follower - pushrod - rocker arm assembly. The gas supply system was combined with the unit-injector on a spray-bomb.

Present two stroke engines used for hand held power tools must confirm to prevailing emission legislation. A fact is that today the engines have to be run at leaner air fuel setting resulting in less amount of lubrication oil passing through the engine. This lean mixture combined with high mixture trapping efficiency also affects the combustion, raising the overall working temperature of the engine. So to gain more robustness out of these air-cooled power heads one viable route is to use different coatings to take control of tribology and heat management within the two stroke power head. In this paper a first discussion and description of the different coatings and their merits to the air cooled two stroke engine is conducted. Furthermore engine data for the test engine, in this case a 70cc professional chainsaw are presented. The outcome of engine dyno testing of the different coatings are presented and analyzed for further discussion.