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In this work, a new air hybrid engine configuration is introduced in which cam-based valvetrain along with three-way and unidirectional valves make the implementation of different air hybrid engine operational modes possible. This configuration simplifies the air hybrid engine valvetrain significantly and relaxes the necessity of using fully flexible valvetrain in air hybrid engines. Utilizing the proposed configuration allows compression braking (CB), air motor (AM), startup and conventional modes of operation to be realized. The proposed configuration is modeled in GT-Power and the deceleration of a typical vehicle, utilizing only regenerative braking system, is simulated. The efficiency of the system in storing the vehicle's kinetic energy is determined using second law definition for efficiency. The stored energy can be used to either start up the engine or run the off-engine accessories. These two modes are studied and compared.

To remove the snaking mode of an articulated steer vehicle, an active steering system is proposed. First, the existing steering systems of articulated steer vehicles, including hydraulic-mechanical and hydrostatic steering systems, are reviewed. Then, a combined linearized model of the vehicle with a hydraulic-mechanical steering system is developed. By using this model, two passive methods to decrease the snaking, including an increase in the friction at the articulation joint and leakage across the cylinders are detailed. To overcome the shortcomings of these solutions, an active steering system is also introduced. It is shown that the proposed steering system not only removes the instability, but also improves the steering response of the vehicle.