Search Results

An analyzer based on Quantum Cascade Laser (QCL) has been developed for chemical sensing of gaseous nitrogen compounds (NO, NO2, N2O and NH3). The QCL can emit lights in a mid-infrared (Mid-IR) region where these nitrogen compounds have strong absorption. This laser optics configuration can give a super fine resolution of the mid-infrared spectrum. Therefore, utilizing this spectrometer can reduce the interference caused by the spectral overlap of co-existing gases in engine exhaust. The developed analyzer has been evaluated using actual engine exhaust to confirm the influence from coexisting gases and the measurement accuracies and stabilities. Very low detection limit (less than 1 ppm) and quick response time (less than 2 sec) have been achieved even with the newly developed analyzer.

Continuous measurement of dilute exhaust gas from the CVS system, which provides gas concentrations proportional to the mass of emissions, is widely used for modal mass analysis of exhaust emission. Recently, exhaust gas flow rate measurement devices have become commercially available. Cost-effective raw exhaust modal mass analysis will be feasible with a combination of the new exhaust gas flow meters and fast response gas analyzers. In this paper, the benefits of raw exhaust modal mass measurement and the impacts of response time for the gas analyzer on the accuracy of exhaust mass calculations are discussed. Gas analyzer system with enhanced speed of response has been developed by hardware modification applied to the existing conventional bench system. De-convolution or inverse digital filter techniques that compensate the delay in the exhaust sampling system and the gas analyzer are described with comparisons to the hardware modifications.

In response to the appearance of formal regulations, CFR part 1065 subpart J, a new in-use emission measurement system was developed, the OBS 2000. The OBS 2200 uses partial-vacuum analyzers. The heated flame ionization detector (HFID), heated chemiluminescence detector (HCLD) and heated non-dispersive infrared analyzer (HNDIR) are all upstream of the sample pump. This design decreases the response time of the analyzers, lowers power consumption and minimizes the overall dimensions of the system by avoiding the use of a heated sample pump. The size of the heated zones is also minimized to reduce power usage. Typical power consumption of analyzer unit is less than 500 W. The overall dimension of the main unit is 350mm (W) × 330mm (H) × 500mm (D). Analyzer linearity checks as required by new regulations [1] for all available ranges will be presented along with cut point accuracies relative to full scale and percentage of point.

Most of the recent clean diesel engines are equipped with an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) technology in order to meet the strict criteria of NOx and particulate matter (PM) as required in the current emission regulations. More attention to strict EGR control is becoming required. Accurate and fast transient EGR ratio operation is becoming very critical in the field of the emission control. The EGR ratio is typically monitored by CO₂ trace method, in which CO₂ emitted from engine, is utilized as a tracer gas. The EGR ratio can be obtained from CO₂ concentration measured at engine intake and engine out at the same time. In this study, authors have developed a new EGR analyzer consisting of two CO₂ detectors, to achieve required performance for transient measurement, i.e., short delay time and quick response, negligible difference between two CO₂ detectors, and capability of wet measurement.