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Ethanol is an alternative renewable fuel produced from various agricultural products. Ethanol-diesel emulsion technique is used for the utilization of ethanol in diesel engines wherein ethanol is used without any modification. The performance, combustion and emission characteristics of a direct injection (DI) diesel engine for off-highway application were evaluated using ethanol-diesel microemulsions. The addition of ethanol to diesel fuel simultaneously decreases calorific value, kinematic viscosity and stability of fuel. Ethyl acetate was used as an additive/ingredient to keep the blends in homogeneous and stable state. Blends (D80/E13/EA07; D70/E17/EA13; D60/E23/EA17) were selected for engine experiments based on stability behavior and fuel properties. The results showed no significant power reduction in the engine operation with ethanol-diesel microemulsions.

Biodiesel developed from non- edible seeds grown in the wasteland in India can be very effectively utilized in the existing diesel engines used for various applications. This paper presents the results of investigations carried out in studying the fuel properties of mahua oil methyl ester (MOME) and its blend with diesel from 20% to 80% by volume. These properties were found to be comparable to diesel and confirming to both the American and Indian standards. The performance of mahua biodiesel (MOME) and its blend with diesel in a Kirloskar DAF8 engine has been observed. The addition of MOME to diesel fuel has significantly reduced CO, UBHC and smoke emissions but increases the NOx emission slightly. The reductions in exhaust emissions could help in controlling air pollution. The results show that no significant power reduction in the engine operation when operated with blends of MOME and diesel fuel.

The methyl ester of karanja oil, known as biodiesel, is receiving increasing attention as an alternative fuel for diesel engine. This paper presents the results of investigations carried out in studying the fuel properties of karanja oil methyl ester (KOME) and its blend with diesel from 20% to 80% by volume and in running a DI diesel engine with these fuels. Engine tests have been carried out with the aim of obtaining performance characteristics such as Brake specific fuel consumption(BSFC), brake thermal efficiency, brake power, exhaust gas temperature, emission such as CO, UBHC, NOx, smoke opacity and combustion parameters to evaluate and compute the behavior of the diesel engine running on KOME and its blends with diesel fuel. The addition of KOME to diesel fuel has significantly reduced CO, UBHC and smoke emissions but it increases the NOx emission slightly.