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This paper reports the effects of fuels, lubricants, and their additives on deposit induced surface ignition in an automotive engine. The contribution of various elements commonly found in lube-oil additives and the effect of variations in base oil composition were studied in separate programs and subsequently combined. These data have been expressed quantitatively, using linear multiple regression equations. Some unusual results of additive treatment and of oil consumption rate on surface ignition are presented, and several anomalies in previous investigations by other workers have been resolved.