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The research work focus on the occurrence of incylinder peak pressure variation and fuel spray characteristics on piston seizure. The study has been carried out for direct injection diesel engine of heavy duty off-highway application. The well optimized and normal combustion results into the peak cylinder pressure variation within 3.5 bar to 4 bar, whereas the abnormal combustion signposts the peak cylinder pressure almost double of normal combustion. The research work has been carried out to study the effect of different peak cylinder pressure variation and its effect on the start of piston seizure. The three different range of peak cylinder pressure variation have been selected for the study. The selected range of peak cylinder pressure depicts normal to abnormal combustion characteristics. The effect on piston motion dynamics and start of piston seizure has been carried out successfully.

Potential to reduce the diesel engine emissions of Diesel-Ethanol-Biodiesel blends of high ethanol fraction (DEB blends) has been investigated. Experiments were performed for three DEB blends with oxygen contents of 7.78%, 12.21%, and 14.53% by weight (ethanol content 20%, 30% and 40% by volume) on diesel engines with significantly different engine configurations. The results showed that the HC emissions mainly depend on in cylinder temperatures, and significantly increased for DEB blends at low loads in case of low in cylinder temperature engine. CO emissions are governed by the combination of excess air and in cylinder temperature and oxygen in fuel helped to reduce it when the engine works with richer mixtures. NO emissions are predominantly dependent on excess air compared to the in cylinder temperature and oxygen in fuel has minor effect on it. The effect of oxygen in fuel on smoke reduction is more significant if the engines are working with rich mixtures.