A New Concept of Split Feed-Back Mixing Combustion Mechanism and the Interpretation on Simultaneous Reduction of SFC, NOx, PM & HC in DI-SI & CI Engines -Pre-Chamber-SI/CVCC, DI-SI/GDI, DI-CI/OSKA-DH, DI-CI/MK Engines- 2003-01-1778

Based on the CVCC research of the author and the other three engines data, it is publishing in this paper, that the theme indicated in the title was rounded off as a new concept and the interpretation in 5 steps which were common to four engines shown in the sub-title.

1st Step: THE FORMATION OF LOW GRADE FUMIGATED (LFG) ATMOSPHERE AND CURLING VORTEX CELLS (CVC) OF MIXTURE; The fuel is in LGF atmosphere. Also crowds of cvcs are generated by extraordinary disturbed flow made by high-speed crash of jet especially against the wall. 2nd Step: FUNCTIONING OF THE HYPOTHESIS OF SPLIT FEED-BACK MIXING COMBUSTION MECHANISM (SFBMCM); When these are ignited, the flow & burning speed of each crowds was faster or more, then the flame was splitten or intermittent and became fired, non-fired, or on reacting and so on. Then these mutually interfere, react, feed each other back and mix while being intermingle. 3rd Step: RE-ENTRAINMENT OF ACTIVE BURNED PRODUCTS (REABP) PHENOMENON; Some of the burned flame feed back into unburned mixture that it caused the creation of phenomenon of REABP. 4th Step: HIGH GRADE FUMIGATION (HGF) ATMOSPHERE; Reaction portion becomes transiently to lower [O₂] less than 10% and more than 1100K to less than 2100K in HGF by REABP. 5^th Step: RADICAL FORMATION; At the front half of burning period, UV radical is formed, held and precursor reaction spread all over the area. At the later half period it detonates, forms IR radical and lasts, overlappes with soot and UHC and these re-burn off that also SFC improved. Reacting area of flame is in low [O₂], less than 2100K that [NOx] restrained. 6th Step: ACHIEVEMENT OF SRFNPH. 7: VERIFICATION BY INSTRUMENTATION: Each state at various conditions as upper mentioned is verified through the measurements and references of spectroscopy, high-speed photography, flame temperature, and ROHR, etc.

Abbreviation: LGF; low-grade fumigation atmosphere in less than 15∼10%[O₂] and 650∼850K temperature. HGF; high-grade fumigation atmosphere in less than 10% [O₂] and more than about 1100K temperature. ATC; aero-thermo-chemical. CVC; curling vortex cell. SFBMCM; split feed back mixing combustion mechanism. REABP; re-entrainment of active burned products. SRFNPH; simultaneous reduction of SFC, NOx, PM, HC.