Economic Impacts of Vehicle-to-Grid Technology implementation for the Consumers in Brazil 2021-36-0068

This article aims to analyze the potential economic effects for consumers with the implementation of the Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) and the Vehicle-to-Home (V2H) networks in Brazil. Nowdays, the usage of both technologies in Brazil are at a regulatory vacuum for both Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs), Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs) and Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs). Usually, when a legislation lack occurs, the local OEMs adopt IECs (International Electrotechnical Commissions) and/or SAEs (Society of Automotive Engineers) reference international standards, such as SAE J1634 for range test. For the purposes of this study, the possibility of using car batteries as generator systems connected to the power grid will be considered as an activity that will be regulated as similar as determined by normative resolution 482 of the National Electric Energy Agency (ANEEL), since the same regulates the use of wind and solar generators acting in parallel with the grid, whether or not they can count on energy storage systems. As the adoption of this technology, currently regulated by SAE J2847/3, also depends on the existence of specific rules for each country, made for the inherent peculiarities of each energy generation / distribution network, institutions such as ANEEL need to start developing them in order to not delay the arrival of the V2G in Brazil. In the evaluated scenarios, considering that a consumer could recharge his car in hours of cheaper tariffs and give back this energy to the grid in peak hours, the consumer may obtain financial benefits for it.